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卡斯特羅前保鏢出書(shū)揭秘其過(guò)國(guó)王般生活

Fidel Castro lived like a king in Cuba, book claims

中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng) 2014-05-23 09:23

 

卡斯特羅前保鏢出書(shū)揭秘其過(guò)國(guó)王般生活

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Fidel Castro lived like a king with his own private yacht, a luxury Caribbean island getaway complete with dolphins and a turtle farm, and travelled with two personal blood donors, a new book claims.

In La Vie Cachée de Fidel Castro (Fidel Castro's Hidden Life), former bodyguard Juan Reinaldo Sánchez, a member of Castro's elite inner circle, says the Cuban leader ran the country as his personal fiefdom like a cross between a medieval overlord and Louis XV.

Sánchez, who was part of Castro's praetorian guard for 17 years, describes a charismatic and intelligent but manipulative, cold-blooded, egocentric Castro prone to foot-stamping temper tantrums. He claims the vast majority of Cubans were unaware their leader enjoyed a lifestyle beyond the dreams of many Cubans and at odds with the sacrifices he demanded of them.

"Contrary to what he has always said, Fidel has never renounced capitalist comforts or chosen to live in austerity. Au contraire, his mode de vie is that of a capitalist without any kind of limit," he writes. "He has never considered that he is obliged by his speech to follow the austere lifestyle of a good revolutionary."

Sánchez claims he suffered Castro's ruthlessness first hand when he fell out of favour, was branded a traitor, "thrown in jail like a dog", tortured and left in a cockroach infested cell, after asking to retire. Released from prison, Sánchez followed the well-worn route of Cuban exiles to America in 2008. "Until the turn in the 1990s I'd never asked too many questions about the workings of the system … that's the problem with military people … as a good soldier, I did my job and my best and that was enough to make me happy," he writes.

The book, published on Wednesday, has been written with French journalist Axel Gyldén, a senior reporter at L'Express magazine. Gyldén admits Sánchez has a large axe to grind with Castro, but insists he has checked the Cuban's story.

"This is the first time someone from Castro's intimate circle, someone who was part of the system and a first-hand witness to these events, has spoken. It changes the image we have of Fidel Castro and not just how his lifestyle contradicts his words, but of Castro's psychology and motivations," Gyldén told the Guardian.

This is not the first time it has been claimed that Castro enjoys great wealth. In 2006 Forbes magazine listed the Cuban leader in its top 10 richest "Kings, Queens and Dictators", citing unnamed officials who claimed Castro had amassed a fortune by skimming profits from a network of state-owned companies. The Cuban leader vehemently denied the report.

Castro's long reign ended in 2006 when he was stricken with what was believed to be diverticulitis, an intestinal ailment, and handed power to his younger brother Raúl, who had served as defence minister. He officially ceded power to Raúl in 2008.

Fidel continued penning columns for the Communist party newspaper Granma but gradually vanished from public view, fuelling rumours he had died, only to surface for occasional, fleeting appearances. Raul has made cautious economic reforms but kept tight control.

Visitors such as Ignacio Ramonet, the French journalist who has interviewed Castro at length, have depicted an austere lifestyle of reading, exercise, simple meals and modest home comforts.

But Sánchez, now 65 and living in America, claims Castro enjoyed a private island – Cayo Piedra, south of the Bay of Pigs, scene of the failed CIA-sponsored invasion of 1961 – describing it as a "garden of Eden" where he entertained selected guests including the writer Gabríel Garcia Márquez, and enjoyed spear-fishing.

The former bodyguard says Castro sailed to the island on his luxury yacht, the Aquarama II, fitted out with rare Angolan wood and powered by four motors sent by the Soviet president Leonid Brezhnev.

"Castro would sit in his large black leather director's armchair ... a glass of Chivas Regal on the rocks (his favourite drink) in his hand," writes Sánchez.

Other presidential properties, he writes, included an "immense" estate in Havana complete with rooftop bowling alley, basketball court and fully equipped medical centre, and a luxury bungalow with private marina on the coast.

"Fidel Castro also let it be known and suggested that the revolution gave him no rest, no time for pleasure and that he ignored, indeed despised, the bourgeois concept of holidays. He lies," he adds.

Ann Louise Bardach, a veteran Cuba chronicler who has interviewed Castro, said that as a lifelong hypochondriac he enjoyed the best food and medical care but did not have a lavish lifestyle. He was born into money and went into politics for power, she said. "He didn't do it for the money. He's not swinging from the chandeliers."

His current home, just outside Havana, had four bedrooms and would in the west be considered middle or upper-middle class, she said. Focusing on any material advantage he may enjoy missed a larger point, said Bardach, author of Without Fidel: a death foretold in Miami, Havana and Washington. "He owns the island of Cuba. It's his personal fiefdom."

Sánchez says Castro's dolce vita was a "crazy privilege" while Cubans suffered serious hardship in the 1990s as the economy "collapsed like a house of cards" after the disintegration of the Soviet Union and eastern bloc with which Havana had done almost 80% of its foreign business.

His compatriots, he says, were also unaware of their leader's complicated love life, his womanising and subsequent tribe of at least nine children, not least because Cuban media was forbidden to mention them.

Sánchez says for nearly two decades he saw more of Castro than his own family. "He was a god. I drank all his words, believed all he said, followed him everywhere and would have died for him," he writes.

He claims he finally realised that Castro considered Cuba "belonged" to him.

"He was its master in the manner of a 19th century landowner. For him wealth was above all an instrument of power, of political survival, of personal protection."

Recalling how Castro kept Angolan diamonds in a Cohiba cigar box, he writes: "Sometimes, Fidel had a little of the mentality of a pirate of the Caribbean."

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據(jù)《衛(wèi)報(bào)》報(bào)道,卡斯特羅前任保鏢在其出版的新書(shū)中寫(xiě)道:菲德?tīng)枴たㄋ固亓_在一個(gè)奢侈的加勒比度假島嶼上過(guò)著如同國(guó)王一般的生活,他擁有自己的游艇,島上有很多海豚和一個(gè)海龜養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)。他常帶著兩位私人獻(xiàn)血者一同出游。

Juan Reinaldo Sánchez在《菲德?tīng)枴たㄋ固亓_的隱秘生活》一書(shū)中寫(xiě)道,卡斯特羅把整個(gè)國(guó)家看做自己的領(lǐng)地,他本人更像是中世紀(jì)君主和路易十五的結(jié)合體。

Sánchez曾是卡斯特羅的貼身保鏢的一員,這份工作他干了17年,他在書(shū)中描繪出一個(gè)具有超凡魅力與智慧,但控制欲過(guò)強(qiáng),冷血,以自我為中心、易怒的人物形象。他說(shuō)大部分古巴人都不知道他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人過(guò)著很多人做夢(mèng)都想象不到的生活,有時(shí)還會(huì)要求他們犧牲自己的利益。

“菲德?tīng)柕乃魉鶠橥耆c他一貫的說(shuō)法相悖。他從未放棄過(guò)資產(chǎn)階級(jí)的舒適生活或者是選擇樸素的生活。相反,他過(guò)的完全是資本主義式的生活,沒(méi)有絲毫節(jié)制。”他在書(shū)中寫(xiě)道?!八耆珱](méi)想過(guò)自己應(yīng)該按照他的講話中那樣,過(guò)一個(gè)革命者該過(guò)的簡(jiǎn)樸生活?!?/p>

Sánchez稱(chēng)自己申請(qǐng)退休,卻被歸為叛徒,切切實(shí)實(shí)感受到了卡斯特羅的冷酷無(wú)情。“像只狗一樣被送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄”,在一個(gè)滿是蟑螂的牢房里備受折磨。出獄后,他走了一條古巴流放人員走的老路——于2008年逃往美國(guó)?!叭绻皇且?yàn)?0年代出了事,我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)質(zhì)疑現(xiàn)在的體系,這就是當(dāng)一個(gè)好的士兵要面臨的問(wèn)題,我盡力做好了本職工作,那就足以令我感到開(kāi)心了?!?/p>

這本書(shū)5月14日正式出版,由法國(guó)《快訊》雜志資深記者阿克塞爾·格萊登執(zhí)筆。格萊登承認(rèn)Sánchez的確對(duì)卡斯特羅懷有很多個(gè)人情緒,但他也已經(jīng)核實(shí)或古巴的有關(guān)史料。

“這是卡斯特羅的小圈子里,也是這整個(gè)體系里見(jiàn)證那些事情站出來(lái)發(fā)聲的第一人。這完全改變了我們隊(duì)菲德?tīng)枴たㄋ固亓_的既定印象,不僅僅是證明他的言行有多不一致,我們對(duì)他的心理和動(dòng)機(jī)想法也產(chǎn)生了懷疑。”格萊登接受《衛(wèi)報(bào)》訪問(wèn)時(shí)說(shuō)道。

卡斯特羅擁有巨額財(cái)富這件事并不是第一次被提及。2006年福布斯排行榜就把卡斯特羅列為全世界10大最富有的“國(guó)王,王后和獨(dú)裁者”之一,這出自一位未透漏姓名的官員的原話,他說(shuō)卡斯特羅從國(guó)營(yíng)公司系統(tǒng)中攫取利益,積攢了巨額財(cái)富??ㄋ固亓_本人則強(qiáng)烈否認(rèn)這一說(shuō)法。

2006年,卡斯特羅的長(zhǎng)期統(tǒng)治終于結(jié)束,那時(shí)他換上了憩室炎——一種腸內(nèi)疾病,將權(quán)力移交給了胞弟勞爾,之前他一直擔(dān)任國(guó)防大臣。2008年,他正式將權(quán)力移交給勞爾。

菲德?tīng)柸詾楣伯a(chǎn)黨報(bào)紙Granma撰寫(xiě)專(zhuān)欄,但已經(jīng)漸漸消失于公眾視線之外,這使得他死亡的謠言甚囂塵上,他只是偶爾短暫的在公眾前露面。勞爾一直謹(jǐn)慎地進(jìn)行著經(jīng)濟(jì)改革,但仍控制得很緊。

法國(guó)記者伊納希歐·哈莫內(nèi)曾長(zhǎng)期采訪卡斯特羅,在他筆下,卡斯特羅遵循著一種簡(jiǎn)樸的生活方式,包括讀書(shū),鍛煉,簡(jiǎn)餐和樸素的家居。

但現(xiàn)年65歲,居住在美國(guó)的Sánchez堅(jiān)稱(chēng)卡斯特羅有一座私人島嶼——位于豬灣以南的卡約·皮埃德拉,曾有人將這里形容為“伊甸園”。他在這里或是會(huì)見(jiàn)貴客,或是用魚(yú)叉捕魚(yú).

他寫(xiě)道,總統(tǒng)的其它財(cái)產(chǎn)還包括哈瓦那的一處“占地面積巨大的”房產(chǎn),房頂上有保齡球館,還有籃球場(chǎng),設(shè)施齊全的醫(yī)療中心。他還有一座奢侈的小屋,岸邊就有私人船塢。

“菲德?tīng)枴たㄋ固亓_想讓世人明白,他一直忙于革命,沒(méi)有時(shí)間休息和享受,他一直忽視這一點(diǎn),而實(shí)際上也是鄙視這種資產(chǎn)階級(jí)的享受假期的思想。但他撒謊了?!彼跁?shū)里補(bǔ)充道。

古巴資深記者安·路易斯·巴達(dá)克也曾采訪過(guò)卡斯特羅,她說(shuō)他的確享受著頂級(jí)的美食和醫(yī)療服務(wù),但他的生活并不奢靡。他的家族本就富有,從政是因?yàn)闄?quán)力,而不是因?yàn)殄X(qián)財(cái)。

Sánchez還說(shuō),90年代,蘇聯(lián)解體,東歐集團(tuán)瓦解,而古巴也失去了80%的對(duì)外貿(mào)易額,遭遇嚴(yán)重困難。此時(shí)卡斯特羅仍然過(guò)著奢侈的生活,這是一種“瘋狂的特權(quán)”。而古巴人也沒(méi)有注意到卡斯特羅復(fù)雜的感情生活,他好近女色,至少有9個(gè)孩子,而古巴媒體往往避談這一點(diǎn)。

Sánchez回憶道,至少有20年,他跟卡斯特羅在一起的時(shí)間比跟自己家人在一起的時(shí)間還要多?!八褪巧瘛N蚁嘈潘f(shuō)的一切,跟隨他去各個(gè)地方,也愿意為他而死?!?/p>

但后來(lái)他才明白卡斯特羅一直認(rèn)為古巴是“屬于”他的。

“他就像19世紀(jì)的地主一樣,認(rèn)為財(cái)富是獲得權(quán)力,在政治斗爭(zhēng)中生存下來(lái)和進(jìn)行自我保護(hù)的武器?!?/p>

最后他回想起卡斯特羅把安哥拉鉆石放進(jìn)高斯巴雪茄盒里的情景,寫(xiě)道:“有時(shí),卡斯特羅還懷有跟加勒比海盜一樣的心態(tài)。”

(譯者 李艷荍 編輯 丹妮)

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卡斯特羅前保鏢出書(shū)揭秘其過(guò)國(guó)王般生活 卡斯特羅前保鏢出書(shū)揭秘其過(guò)國(guó)王般生活

 
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