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過去五年，我們在豐富實踐中積累了許多寶貴經驗，主要體會是：

We learned many valuable lessons in our experiences over the last five years. The main ones are as follows.

第一，必須堅持解放思想。解放思想、實事求是是我們黨的思想路線。只有堅持一切從實際出發，破除迷信，敢于沖破不合時宜的觀念束縛，尊重群眾首創精神，大膽探索、實踐和創造，與時俱進，才能使社會主義現代化事業充滿生機和活力。

First, we must continue to liberate our thinking. Liberating our thinking and following a realistic and pragmatic approach is the Party's ideological line. We must proceed from reality in everything we do, eliminate superstition, break the shackles of outdated ideas, respect the people's pioneering spirit, boldly explore new ways, take concrete action, be creative, and keep up with the times to ensure that the cause of socialist modernization retains its great vitality.

第二，必須堅持落實科學發展觀。科學發展觀是發展中國特色社會主義的重大戰略思想，是我國經濟社會發展的重要指導方針。我們要堅持把發展作為第一要務，著力轉變經濟發展方式，調整經濟結構，提高經濟增長質量和效益；堅持以人為本，注重統籌兼顧，推動全面協調可持續發展。只有深入貫徹落實科學發展觀，才能實現經濟社會又好又快發展，促進社會和諧。

Second, we must steadfastly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development. This is a major strategic concept for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and an important guiding principle for China's economic and social development. We must continue to take development as the top priority, concentrate on changing the way the economy develops, and adjust the economic structure to improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth. We must always put people first, attach great importance to overall planning, and promote comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development. Only by thoroughly applying the Scientific Outlook on Development can we achieve sound and rapid economic and social development and promote social harmony.

第三，必須堅持改革開放。改革開放是決定當代中國命運重大而關鍵的抉擇。我們要堅定不移地推進經濟體制改革、政治體制改革，發展社會主義民主政治，完善社會主義市場經濟體制，解放和發展生產力，促進社會公平正義，實現人的全面發展。開放也是改革，開放兼容才能強國。改革開放貫穿于社會主義現代化建設的整個過程，任何時候都不能動搖。

Third, we must adhere to the reform and opening up policy. Reform and opening up is a major and crucial choice that is shaping the destiny of contemporary China. We need to unswervingly promote reform in economic and political institutions, develop socialist democracy, improve the socialist market economy, liberate and develop the productive forces, promote social fairness and justice, and achieve all-round personal development. Opening up is also a kind of reform, and a nation cannot become strong if it is not open and inclusive. We must continue to pursue reform and opening up throughout the course of socialist modernization and never deviate from this policy.

第四，必須堅持搞好宏觀調控。宏觀調控與市場機制都是社會主義市場經濟體制的組成部分。我們要更大程度地發揮市場在資源配置中的基礎性作用，增強企業活力和競爭力。同時，要加強和改善宏觀調控，堅持主要運用經濟手段、法律手段，發揮各種政策的組合效應；堅持區別對待、有保有壓，不搞一刀切，不搞急剎車；堅持不斷總結經驗，及時調整政策，注重實際效果。只有把市場機制和宏觀調控有機結合起來，才能保證整個經濟充滿活力、富有效率、持續健康協調發展。

Fourth, we must continue to exercise effective macroeconomic regulation. Both macroeconomic regulation and market forces are components of the socialist market economy. We need to make better use of the basic role of market forces in allocating resources, revitalize enterprises and improve their competitive edge. At the same time, we need to improve macroeconomic regulation, continue to carry out macroeconomic regulation mainly through economic and legal means, and get the complete range of government policies to fully play their role. We must continue to deal with each situation on its own merits, encourage growth in some sectors and discourage it in others as the situation requires, and refrain from taking a uniform approach to different situations or putting on the brakes without good reason. We must continue to draw lessons from our experiences, make policy adjustments as needed and be result-oriented. We must integrate the use of market forces with macroeconomic regulation in order to ensure that the economy remains vigorous, performs well, and develops in a sustainable, healthy and balanced way.

第五，必須堅持執政為民。政府的一切權力都是人民賦予的，執政為民是各級政府的崇高使命。我們要牢記全心全意為人民服務的宗旨，把實現好、維護好、發展好最廣大人民的根本利益，作為政府工作的出發點和落腳點。更加注重保障和改善民生，特別要關心和解決城鄉低收入群眾的生活困難，使全體人民共享改革發展成果。只有堅持一切屬于人民，一切為了人民，一切依靠人民，一切歸功于人民，我們的各項事業才能獲得最廣泛最可靠的群眾基礎和力量源泉。

Fifth, we must continue to run the government for the people. All the power of the government comes from the people, and running the government for them is a lofty mission of governments at all levels. We must never forget that serving the people wholeheartedly is our purpose, and make sure that the aim and outcome of the work of the government is to fulfill, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of people. We need to attach greater importance to ensuring the well-being of the people and improving their lives, in particular showing concern for urban and rural residents with low incomes and helping them make ends meet in their daily lives, in order to ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development. We must always keep in mind that everything belongs to the people, do everything for their benefit, rely on them in everything we do and attribute all our successes to their efforts. Only by doing so can we enjoy the broadest and most reliable support from the people and draw from them the strength for ensuring success in all our endeavors.

第六，必須堅持依法行政。遵守憲法和法律是政府一切工作的根本原則。我們要嚴格按照法定權限和程序行使權力、履行職責，加強政府立法，規范行政執法，完善行政監督，建設法治政府，不斷提高依法行政能力。只有全面推行依法行政，努力做到有權必有責、用權受監督、侵權要賠償、違法要追究，讓權力在陽光下運行，才能保證人民賦予的權力始終用來為人民謀利益。

Sixth, we must continue to run the government in accordance with the law. Abiding by the Constitution and laws is a fundamental principle for all the work of the government. We need to exercise our power and perform our functions and responsibilities within the jurisdiction stipulated by law and in accordance with legal procedures, improve government legislative work, standardize administrative law enforcement, improve administrative oversight, develop law-based government and enhance our ability to carry out administrative functions in accordance with the law. We must ensure that government administration fully complies with the law, that power comes with responsibility, that there is proper oversight on the exercise of power, that reparation is paid for infringement of rights, that any violation of the law is prosecuted, and that power is exercised in a transparent manner. This is the only way to ensure that the power entrusted to us by the people is always exercised in their interests.

我們也清醒地認識到，經濟社會發展和政府工作中還存在不少問題，國內外形勢發展變化使我們面臨諸多新的挑戰和風險。

We are also clearly aware that there are still many problems affecting China's economic and social development and the work of the government, and that changes in the domestic and international environment present many new challenges and risks.

——經濟運行中一些突出問題和深層次矛盾依然存在。近年來固定資產投資增長過快，貨幣信貸投放過多，國際收支不平衡。長期形成的結構性矛盾和增長方式粗放問題仍然突出。投資與消費關系不協調，投資率持續偏高；一二三產業發展不協調，工業特別是重工業比重偏大，服務業比重偏低；自主創新能力不強，經濟增長的資源環境代價過大。農業基礎仍然薄弱，農業穩定發展和農民持續增收難度加大，城鄉、區域發展差距擴大的趨勢尚未扭轉。特別是影響經濟發展的體制機制障礙還相當突出，改革攻堅任務繁重。

- There are still some prominent issues and deep-rooted problems affecting economic performance. China has experienced overheated growth in fixed asset investment, excessive supplies of money and credit, and imbalance in its international payments in recent years. Longstanding structural problems and the extensive pattern of growth remain serious problems. There is a lack of balance between investment and consumption, with the investment rate still running too high. Development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries is not in balance, with too much investment in primary industry, particularly heavy industry, but too little investment in the service industry. China's capacity for independent innovation is still weak and the price paid for economic growth in terms of resource consumption and environmental pressure is too great. Agriculture, the foundation of the economy, remains weak. The difficulty of maintaining steady agricultural development and keeping the incomes of farmers increasing has grown, and the growing development gap between urban and rural areas and between regions has not been checked. In particular, the institutional factors hindering economic development remain serious, making institutional reform a daunting task.

——涉及群眾切身利益的問題有待進一步解決。當前物價上漲、通貨膨脹壓力加大，是廣大群眾最為關注的問題。去年居民消費價格總水平比上年上漲4.8%，主要是食品和居住類價格漲幅較大。物價上漲有多方面的因素：國內農產品價格多年在低位運行，近期的價格上漲有其必然性和一定的合理因素，但對群眾特別是低收入群眾生活影響較大；近年來國際市場初級產品價格大幅上升，也直接影響國內價格上漲。由于推動價格上漲的因素還將存在，今年價格上漲的壓力仍然較大。同時，生產資料價格不斷上升，房地產等資產價格上漲過快，防止通貨膨脹的任務相當艱巨。勞動就業、社會保障、教育、醫療衛生、收入分配、住房、產品質量安全、安全生產、社會治安等方面，還有不少問題需要認真加以解決。

- More work needs to be done to resolve problems affecting the vital interests of the people.The current price hikes and increasing inflationary pressures are the biggest concern of the people. Last year's consumer price index (CPI) rose by 4.8% year-on-year, mainly due to large increases in the cost of food and housing. There are a variety of factors behind the price increases. Though the domestic prices of farm products have remained low for many years and some of the recent price increases were therefore overdue and somewhat reasonable, price increases nevertheless have a great impact on people's lives, especially on the lives of the low-income sector of the population. The prices of primary commodities on the international market have risen considerably in recent years, which directly puts upward pressure on domestic prices. Because factors driving prices up are still at work, upward pressure on prices will remain great this year. In addition, prices of the means of production have continued to rise and real estate prices have risen steeply, making the task of holding down inflation difficult. There are still quite a few problems in employment, the social safety net, education, medical and health care, income distribution, housing, product quality and safety, workplace safety and public security, and we need to work harder to resolve them.

——國際經濟環境變化不確定因素和潛在風險增加。隨著經濟全球化深入發展，我國經濟與世界經濟聯系越來越密切。當前全球經濟失衡加劇、增速放緩，國際競爭更加激烈；美國次級抵押貸款危機影響蔓延，美元持續貶值，國際金融市場風險增大；國際市場糧食價格上漲，石油等初級產品價格高位運行；貿易保護主義加劇，貿易摩擦增多。國際上一些政治因素對世界經濟走勢的影響也不容忽視。這些都可能對我國經濟發展帶來不利影響。我國正處在改革發展的關鍵時期，必須充分做好應對國際環境變化的各種準備，提高防范風險的能力。

- Both uncertainties in the international economic environment and potential risks have increased.As economic globalization proceeds, the Chinese economy becomes increasingly tied to the world economy. The current imbalance in the global economy is only getting worse and global economic growth is slowing, making international competition even fiercer. The impact of the U.S. sub-prime mortgage crisis is expanding, the value of the dollar is continuing to fall, and there is greater risk in international financial markets. Grain prices are rising and prices for petroleum and other primary products remain high in the international market. Trade protectionism has gotten worse, and trade frictions have increased. The effect of certain political factors in the international arena on world economic trends cannot be overlooked. All this could adversely affect China's economic development. China is now in a critical period in its reform and development, and we must be fully prepared for changes in the international environment and become better able to defuse risks.

——政府自身建設和管理需要加強。我們深深感到，政府工作與形勢的要求和人民的期望還有不小差距。政府職能轉變還不到位，社會管理和公共服務比較薄弱；一些部門職責交叉、權責脫節，相互推諉，辦事效率低下；一些政府工作人員服務意識不強，素質不高；對權力的監督和約束機制不健全，形式主義、官僚主義問題比較突出，弄虛作假、奢侈浪費和腐敗現象比較嚴重。

- The government's self-improvement efforts and administration need to be strengthened.We are keenly aware that the work and accomplishments of the government still fall somewhat short of what circumstances require and the people expect. The functions of government have not been completely transformed, and public administration and public services are still weak. Some government departments have overlapping responsibilities, their powers and responsibilities are not well matched, some try to shirk their responsibilities, and their performance is poor. Some government employees have an inadequate sense of responsibility toward the public and are not competent enough. Oversight mechanisms and checks on government authority are not strong enough. The problems of formalism and bureaucratic behavior are fairly common, and fraud, extravagance and waste, and corruption are quite serious.

我們一定要始終保持清醒頭腦，增強憂患意識，以對國家、對人民高度負責的使命感和緊迫感，更加兢兢業業、扎扎實實地做好政府各項工作。

We must remain clear-headed at all times, be more mindful of potential danger, be highly responsible to the country and the people, maintain a high sense of mission and urgency, work even more industriously, and successfully carry out all of the government's work.