日韩精品久久一区二区三区_亚洲色图p_亚洲综合在线最大成人_国产中出在线观看_日韩免费_亚洲综合在线一区

English 中文網 漫畫網 愛新聞iNews 翻譯論壇
中國網站品牌欄目(頻道)
當前位置: Language Tips> Audio & Video> 新聞播報> Special Speed News VOA慢速

Hayes wins hotly disputed 1876 election

[ 2010-03-04 11:52]     字號 [] [] []  
免費訂閱30天China Daily雙語新聞手機報:移動用戶編輯短信CD至106580009009

Hayes wins hotly disputed 1876 election

Welcome to THE MAKING OF A NATION -- American history in VOA Special English.

President Ulysses Grant served two terms in office. His administration was marked by corruption. The president himself was not linked directly to any of the incidents. But he was friends with dishonest members of the cabinet and Congress.

This week in our series, Jack Weitzel and Tony Riggs tell how Grant's problems affected the Republican Party in the presidential election of 1876.

JACK WEITZEL: The American people were very disappointed with President Grant. He was the military hero of the Civil War. He had led the Union army of the North to victory over the Confederate army of the South. His popularity dropped, however, during his presidency.

Grant was not an effective political leader. Nor was he able to control the men around him. The American people also were worried about the nation's economic situation. A serious depression had begun during Grant's second term. Many people were out of work. They blamed the ruling Republican Party.

TONY RIGGS: The state and congressional elections of 1874 were an important turning point. Republicans were shocked by the results. For the first time in 18 years, the Democratic Party won control of the House of Representatives. They won 169 seats. The Republicans won 109.

Democrats also won control of 23 of the 35 state governments. These included several northern states, where people were tired of Republican rule.

JACK WEITZEL: Important changes also were made in the South. Democrats won control of southern state governments from radical Republicans.

One of these states was Mississippi. White Democrats there began organizing groups called White Leagues. These groups wanted to prevent blacks from voting for radical Republicans. They started riots, in which many blacks were killed. They also used economic power against blacks.

These efforts succeeded. Most blacks were too afraid to vote. The Democrats took control of both the Mississippi legislature and the governor's office. Similar actions, with similar results, took place in other southern states.

(MUSIC)

TONY RIGGS: As Grant's second term came to an end, he began to talk about the possibility of another four years in the White House. Republican politicians were firmly opposed. They blamed Grant for the party's defeats in state and congressional elections. Grant had to give up any hope of a third term.

Congressman James Blaine seemed to have the best chance of winning the Republican presidential nomination in 1876.

Blaine had been Speaker of the House of Representatives when the Republicans controlled Congress. He was powerful, and he had many supporters. Some Republican leaders, however, questioned his honesty. Blaine fought this criticism with an emotional speech in Congress.

JACK WEITZEL: When the Republican Party convention opened in Cincinnati, Ohio, Blaine was the leading candidate for the presidential nomination. He expected to win the first day.

There was a wild demonstration of support when his name was put before the convention. But before the voting could begin, the lights went out. Some delegates believed Blaine's opponents were responsible. These opponents worked all night to get other delegates to change their support from Blaine to another candidate. When the delegates voted the next morning, Blaine did not have enough votes to win the nomination.

TONY RIGGS: However, after six ballots, Blaine appeared ready to win. To stop him, his opponents needed to unite behind another candidate. One of these candidates was Rutherford Hayes, the governor of Ohio. Hayes had fewer enemies than the other candidates. So he became the compromise candidate for delegates hoping to stop Blaine.

On the seventh ballot of the convention, Rutherford Hayes captured the Republican nomination.

(MUSIC)

Hayes wins hotly disputed 1876 election

JACK WEITZEL: The Democratic Party met in St. Louis, Missouri. Delegates nominated Samuel Tilden, the governor of New York. Tilden had led the fight to end dishonesty in government in New York state. He had ousted a group called the Tweed Ring, which controlled New York City politics for years. Democrats said he was the man to end dishonesty in government in Washington.

Republicans campaigned by denouncing the Democratic Party. They called it the party of southern rebellion and treason. Instead, they said, vote for the Republican Party, the party that had saved the Union.

Democrats campaigned by attacking Republican dishonesty. They blamed Republicans for the nation's economic problems. And they promised better times for everyone if their candidate was elected.

TONY RIGGS: The presidential election of 1876 was very close. By midnight of Election Day, the results seemed to show that Democrat Samuel Tilden was the winner. Republican Rutherford Hayes went to bed believing he had lost.

However, the Republicans quickly saw that the electoral votes of three southern states could decide the winner.

In the American presidential system, whoever wins the most popular votes in a state usually gets all the electoral votes of that state. In 1876, the electoral votes of three states -- Florida, Louisiana and South Carolina -- were enough to give the White House to one candidate or the other.

JACK WEITZEL: Each party claimed victory in these three states. Each accused the other of stealing votes and counting ballots unfairly. Finally, the two parties agreed to form an electoral committee to decide who had won the disputed votes.

The committee was supposed to include seven Republicans, seven Democrats, and one Independent. But before it could meet, the Independent member resigned. A Republican took his place. The Republicans had a majority.

TONY RIGGS: The committee first debated the disputed votes of Florida. After much discussion, the eight Republicans on the committee voted to accept the votes of Florida's Republican electors. They rejected a proposal to investigate the way the votes were counted in the state. They said there was not enough time for a full investigation.

The same thing happened with the disputed votes of Louisiana and South Carolina. The Republicans on the committee voted to count the Republican electors. The Democrats voted to count the democratic electors. In each case, the Republicans won, by a vote of eight to seven.

JACK WEITZEL: As a result, Rutherford Hayes gained the electoral votes of all three states. This gave him enough to win the election.

Democrats were furious. Democrats in many states began organizing party militia groups. They said they would fight, if necessary, to prevent the Republicans from stealing the presidency.

The situation seemed very tense and dangerous. Many feared the start of another civil war. Negotiations finally provided a peaceful solution.

TONY RIGGS: Representatives of the two parties met secretly to work out a compromise.

The Democrats agreed to permit Republican Rutherford Hayes to be sworn-in as President. In return, Hayes agreed to end federal support of radical Republican governments in the south. He promised to name southerners to his cabinet and other important jobs. And he said he would provide more federal aid for schools and railroads in the south. As part of the agreement, Hayes promised not to act aggressively to support the civil rights of black southerners.

JACK WEITZEL: Hayes' opponent, Democrat Samuel Tilden, did not oppose the agreement. Tilden was an old man. His health was poor. He agreed that four years of Rutherford Hayes would be better than four years of civil war.

So it was that Rutherford Hayes became the 19th president of the United States. He would surprise a lot of people after he reached the White House. That will be our story next week.

(MUSIC)

BARBARA KLEIN: Our program was written by Frank Beardsley. The narrators were Jack Weitzel and Tony Riggs. Our programs can be found online with transcripts, MP3s, podcasts and historical images at voaspecialenglish.com. You can also follow us on Twitter at VOA Learning English. Join us again next week for THE MAKING OF A NATION -- an American history series in VOA Special English.

Related stories:

Grant’s second term worse than first

American history series: Grant's political battles

American history series: the election of 1868

American history series: rebuilding the South

American history series: Trial of Andrew Johnson

Andrew Johnson faces a fight over aiding South

American history series: the final surrender

American history series: after Lincoln's murder

President Lincoln is shot at Ford's Theater

American history series: Robert E. Lee's surrender

American history series: Confederate capital falls

Lincoln defeats McClellan in 1864 election

Sherman burns Atlanta in March to the Sea

American history series: the battle of cold harbor

Victory at Vicksburg splits the Confederacy

American history series: Lincoln at Gettysburg

South sees protests in North as an opening

American history series: Lee and his army cross into the North

The South wins a battle, but loses Stonewall Jackson

American history series: at Bull Run, a terrible defeat for the North

American history series: South defends its capital

American history series: the Civil War at sea

Lincoln names a general to defend Washington

American history series: the North loses the first major battle of the war

American history series: the Civil War's first days

(來源:VOA 編輯:陳丹妮)

 
中國日報網英語點津版權說明:凡注明來源為“中國日報網英語點津:XXX(署名)”的原創作品,除與中國日報網簽署英語點津內容授權協議的網站外,其他任何網站或單位未經允許不得非法盜鏈、轉載和使用,違者必究。如需使用,請與010-84883631聯系;凡本網注明“來源:XXX(非英語點津)”的作品,均轉載自其它媒體,目的在于傳播更多信息,其他媒體如需轉載,請與稿件來源方聯系,如產生任何問題與本網無關;本網所發布的歌曲、電影片段,版權歸原作者所有,僅供學習與研究,如果侵權,請提供版權證明,以便盡快刪除。
 

關注和訂閱

人氣排行

翻譯服務

中國日報網翻譯工作室

我們提供:媒體、文化、財經法律等專業領域的中英互譯服務
電話:010-84883468
郵件:[email protected]
 
 
主站蜘蛛池模板: 91短视频版在线观看www免费 | 欧美成a人片在线观看 | 欧美精品一区二区在线观看 | 激情福利视频 | 国产精品亚洲片在线va | www.日韩在线 | 亚洲已满18点击进入在线观看 | 97国产精品 | 国产精品福利视频手机免费观看 | 一区二区三区高清在线观看 | 中文字幕一区二区三 | 99精品99 | 久久1区 | 狠狠躁日日躁夜夜躁A片小说按摩 | 色先锋av资源中文字幕 | 男女拍拍拍无挡免费视频 | 极品丝袜高跟91极品系列 | 久草热久草视频 | 天天骑夜夜操 | 蜜桃五月天 | 国产一区不卡 | 久久AV亚洲精品一区无码 | 黄色在线免费看 | 亚洲图片欧洲电影 | 日韩伦理一区二区三区 | 亚洲国产精品二区久久 | 91免费在线看 | 欧美鲁| 久久久成人精品视频 | 国产福利区一区二在线观看 | 美女91 | 国内自拍偷拍 | 国产精品精品视频 | 免费大片黄在线观看 | 欧美成人一区二区三区 | 超91在线 | 中文字幕日韩欧美一区二区三区 | 国产小视频在线观看www | 成人免费毛片网站 | 国产区一区 | 精品推荐国产麻豆剧传媒 |