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Corrupt officials and company executives in China transfer their assets overseas through at least eight channels, according to a report released on Monday by the Anti-Money Laundering Monitoring and Analysis Center set up by the People's Bank of China.

Often a combination of legal and illegal channels is used to make cross-border transfers of ill-gotten gains, the report said.

The eight main channels are smuggling cash, underground banking services, trade under current accounts, overseas investment, credit cards, offshore financial centers, direct overseas payments and payments to family members or friends living overseas.

However, the exact amount of assets transferred overseas, since Chinese officials on corruption charges began to flee the country at the end of the 1980s, remains a mystery, said the report.

The report quotes statistics released by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, which estimate that up to 800 billion yuan ($123 billion) has been transferred overseas by fleeing or missing officials and company executives since the mid-1990s.

The cross-border transfer of such assets causes huge losses to the country as the majority cannot be recovered and their whereabouts are hard to find, the report added.

The report also provided details about the destinations for corrupt officials and businesspeople.

People with a higher rank or larger assets tended to flee to Western countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia and the Netherlands.

Those who cannot reach Western countries directly use Hong Kong or some small countries in Africa, East Europe and Latin America as a stopover.

Those with lower rankings or smaller assets often find safe havens in China's neighboring countries such as Thailand, Myanmar, Malaysia, Mongolia and Russia.

Questions:

1. How do people in China move their assets overseas?

2. What are some channels?

3. How much was moved overseas since the mid-1990s?

Answers:

1. Through a combination of legal and illegal channels, cross-border transfers of ill-gotten gains are made.

2. Smuggling cash, underground banking services, direct overseas payments and payments to people living overseas.

3. Up to 800 billion yuan ($123 billion) has been transferred overseas by fleeing or missing officials and company executives since the mid-1990s.

（中國日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語點(diǎn)津 Helen 編輯）

About the broadcaster:

Nelly Min is an editor at China Daily with more than 10 years of experience as a newspaper editor and photographer. She has worked at major newspapers in the U.S., including the Los Angeles Times and the Detroit Free Press. She is also fluent in Korean.