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研究:婚姻有益于心理健康
Marriage wards off blues, just don't end it: study

[ 2009-12-17 09:53]     字號 [] [] []  
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研究:婚姻有益于心理健康

A undated file photo shows a newly married couple. Marriage really is good for you, with a major international study finding it reduces the risks of depression and anxiety, but these disorders are more likely to plague people once the relationship is over.

Marriage really is good for you, with a major international study finding it reduces the risks of depression and anxiety, but these disorders are more likely to plague people once the relationship is over.

The study of 34,493 people across 15 countries was led by clinical psychologist Kate Scott from New Zealand's University of Otago, and is based on the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys conducted over the past decade.

It found that ending marriage through separation, divorce or death is linked to an increased risk of mental health disorders, with women more likely to resort to substance abuse and men more likely to become depressed.

"What makes this investigation unique and more robust is the sample is so large and across so many countries and the fact that we have data not only on depression... but also on anxiety and substance use disorders," Scott said in a statement.

"In addition, we were able to look at what happens to mental health in marriage, both in comparison with never getting married, and with ending marriage."

Scott said that the study found that getting married, compared to not getting married, was good for the mental health of both genders, not just women, as previous studies had found.

The study, however, did find that men are less likely to become depressed in their first marriage than women, a factor Scott said was probably linked to the traditional gender roles at home, as other WMH surveys have shown that as women get better educated, depression rates tend to fall.

The other gender difference the study found is that getting married reduces risk of substance use disorders more for women than for men. Scott said this may be explained by the fact that women are usually the primary caregiver for young children.

However, the downside of marriage, the University of Otago study shows, is that ending it has a negative impact on both genders.

"What our study points to is that the marital relationship offers a lot of mental health benefits for both men and women, and that the distress and disruption associated with ending marriage can make people vulnerable to developing mental disorders," Scott said.

The study was recently published in the British journal Psychological Medicine. It was conducted in association with the World Health Organization, Harvard University and a number of other international organisations.

(Read by Lee Hannon. Lee Hannon is a multimedia journalist at the China Daily Web site.)

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(Agencies)

婚姻確實有好處。一項大規(guī)模國際研究發(fā)現(xiàn),婚姻可降低抑郁和焦慮的風險,但一旦婚姻破裂,人們很可能會受到這些情緒失調(diào)的困擾。

這項研究共對15個國家的34493人進行了調(diào)查,研究負責人為新西蘭奧塔戈大學的臨床心理學家凱特?斯科特。該研究主要以世界衛(wèi)生組織在過去十年中開展的“世界心理健康調(diào)查”為依據(jù)。

研究發(fā)現(xiàn),因分居、離婚或死亡導致的婚姻結束會增大心理健康失調(diào)的風險,女性更傾向于濫用藥物,男性則更容易抑郁。

斯科特在一份聲明中說:“這項調(diào)查的獨特之處和更有說服力的地方在于取樣范圍十分廣泛,涵蓋很多國家,而且我們收集的數(shù)據(jù)不僅有抑郁方面的,還有焦慮和藥物使用失調(diào)方面的。”

“另外,我們將已婚人士與從未結過婚和婚姻結束的人進行比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)了婚姻對于心理健康的影響。”

斯科特說,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),和不結婚相比,結婚對男性和女性的心理健康都有益處,并不像先前研究所稱的只對女性有益。

然而,該研究發(fā)現(xiàn),與女性相比,男性在第一次婚姻中精神抑郁的可能性較小,斯科特說這可能與家庭中的傳統(tǒng)性別角色有關。其它的“世界心理健康調(diào)查”顯示,女性受教育程度越高,抑郁的可能性越小。

該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的另外一個性別差異在于,相對于男性而言,婚姻對降低女性濫用藥物失調(diào)風險的作用較大。斯科特說這也許是因為女性通常承擔了照顧孩子的大部分任務。

然而,奧塔戈大學的研究顯示,婚姻的不利方面在于,婚姻的結束會給男女雙方帶來負面影響。

斯科特說:“我們的研究表明,婚姻關系會給男性和女性的心理健康帶來很多好處,但婚姻結束所帶來的痛苦和崩潰會讓人容易患上精神失調(diào)。”

該研究于近日在英國《心理醫(yī)學》期刊上發(fā)表。該研究的合作伙伴包括世界衛(wèi)生組織、哈佛大學和其他一些國際組織。

相關閱讀

研究:抑郁女性更渴望性愛

訂婚前同居更易出現(xiàn)婚姻問題

研究:愛情不是婚姻唯一保鮮秘訣

男校生年過40更可能離婚

結婚能緩解抑郁癥?

研究:離婚會讓人變老

(中國日報網(wǎng)英語點津 陳丹妮 編輯蔡姍姍)

Vocabulary:

substance abuse: the overindulgence in and dependence on an addictive substance, especially alcohol or a narcotic drug 濫用藥物

 
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