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Ecological Compensation of National Parks: Practice Explorations and Policy Options --A Case Study on Pilot Projects in Sanjiangyuan National Park (No.160, 2020)
2020-08-05
By Wang Yufei, Management World Magazine
Research Report, No.160, 2020 (Total 5904) 2020-6-28
Abstract: Ecological compensation is a key institutional design for balancing environmental protection and development in natural reserves. Sanjiangyuan National Park in Qinghai province is the first pilot park of national park system approved by the Central Government. Based on the ecological compensation system in Qinghai province and the ecological protection and construction projects in Sanjiangyuan National Park, the park has launched institutional innovations and made ecological compensation practices with its own characteristics. The measures implemented by the park mainly include adding posts based on public welfare for ecological management, setting up a “human-animal conflict insurance fund” to protect people’s basic well-being and developing green husbandry for targeted poverty alleviation, and these measures have promoted common prosperity of residents in local communities. However, Sanjiangyuan National Park has also met similar problems in carrying out ecological compensation as other natural reserves in China, such as the lack of systematic and completed top-level design and high-level legislative guarantee as well as low standards of compensation and insufficient compensation funds. To improve the ecological compensation system of national parks, it is necessary for us to improve basic theoretical research, create more channels for fund raising, explore multiple compensation approaches, develop ecological industries and ensure community participation through institutional arrangements.
Keywords: national parks, ecological compensation, pilot projects, Sanjiangyuan National Park
