日韩精品久久一区二区三区_亚洲色图p_亚洲综合在线最大成人_国产中出在线观看_日韩免费_亚洲综合在线一区

US EUROPE AFRICA ASIA 中文
Business / View

BRICS must go for a 'Rio Consensus'

By Kevin P. Gallagher (China Daily) Updated: 2014-07-15 07:20

Conveniently scheduled at the end of the World Cup, the sixth BRICS summit presents the leaders of five emerging economies a truly historic opportunity, not least because it is likely to see the establishment of a new development bank and reserve currency pool arrangement.

This move could strike a true trifecta - recharge global economic governance and the prospects for development, as well as pressure the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund to get back on the right track.

The two Bretton Woods institutions, both headquartered in Washington, originally and with good reason put financial stability, employment and development as their core missions. That focus, however, became derailed in the last quarter of the 20th century. During the 1980s and 1990s, the World Bank and the IMF pushed the "Washington Consensus", which offered countries financing but conditioned it on a doctrine of deregulation.

With the benefit of hindsight, the era of the Washington Consensus is seen as a painful one. It inflicted significant economic and political damage on the developing world. Worse, the operations of the World Bank and the IMF are perceived as rigged against emerging and developing economies. The unwritten rule that the head of the IMF is always a European and the World Bank chief always an American is only a superficial but no less grating public expression of that.

Worse still is the fact that the voting structure of both institutions is skewed toward industrialized countries - and grants the United States veto power to boot. It wasn't always that way. As Eric Helleiner shows in one of his two new books, Forgotten Foundations of Bretton Woods: International Development and the Making of the Postwar Order, China, Brazil, India and other countries wanted development goals to remain a core part of the Bretton Woods institutions. Some of their proposals eventually made it into the policy mix of the World Bank and the IMF, including short-term financing, capital controls and policy space for industrial policy.

BRICS must go for a 'Rio Consensus' BRICS must go for a 'Rio Consensus'
Shanghai most likely headquarters for BRICS development bank World Bank head says new entrants 'will be welcome' 

Previous Page 1 2 Next Page

Hot Topics

Editor's Picks
...
...
主站蜘蛛池模板: 亚洲国产精久久久久久久 | 99热99色 | 亚洲国产一区二区三区四区 | 亚洲高清不卡 | 成人一区二区三区在线观看 | 色婷婷国产 | 午夜激情视频免费 | 色偷偷偷| 亚洲国产日韩在线观看 | 久草视频福利在线观看 | 暴力强行进如hdxxx | 久久一精品 | 久久免费看少妇高潮A片麻豆 | 99久久99 | 国产欧美日韩一区 | 91在线播放网站 | www97影院| 成人亚洲A片V一区二区三区婷婷 | 日韩精品一区二区在线 | 丁香婷婷网 | 精品国产青草久久久久福利 | 国产浮力第一浮力 | 日本黄色中文字幕 | 91欧美精品综合在线观看 | 男女激情动态视频 | 天天摸天天操天天干 | 亚洲精品久久久久中文字幕二区 | av不卡免费在线 | 欧美 日韩 中文 | www.aiqingdao| 久久天堂| 成人18视频在线 | 天天操天天摸天天爽 | 99久久精品国产高清一区二区 | 我不卡在线 | 国产精品乱码一区二三区小蝌蚪 | 嫩草影院在线入口 | 免费视频爱爱太爽了 | 午夜影院在线免费观看视频 | 国产视频久久 | 91最新免费观看在线 |