日韩精品久久一区二区三区_亚洲色图p_亚洲综合在线最大成人_国产中出在线观看_日韩免费_亚洲综合在线一区

US EUROPE AFRICA ASIA 中文
Business / View

US adopts new ploy to block AIIB

By LIU HUI (China Daily) Updated: 2015-04-13 11:30

After more than 50 countries and regions joined or applied to join the China-proposed Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank by March 31, the United States changed its attitude toward the bank. From publicly criticizing its allies for joining the AIIB, the US is now emphasizing that the bank should follow the "high standards" set by other global or regional financial institutions such as the World Bank, International Monetary Fund and the Asian Development Bank.

The US hasn't clarified what it means by "high standards", but if people take the US-led World Bank as a reference, it would include the objectives of operation, such as the purpose of the organization, investment fields and management structure. So by referring to the World Bank's "high standards", the US is only trying to create another obstacle for the AIIB.

As far as its purpose and orientation are concerned, the World Bank's initial aim was to help the reconstruction of Europe and Japan after World War II, and support the economic development of African, Asian and Latin American countries. The loans the World Bank offered focused on large-scale infrastructure construction. After the European and Japanese economies recovered, the World Bank focused mainly on the economic development of developing countries. From the 1990s it began offering loans to the Soviet Union, Eastern European countries, and China.

In the early postwar period, the US, as one of the two superpowers, played a dominant role in the world economy. Needless to say, the US excluded the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries from its development scheme.

When postwar national liberation movements resulted in the nationalization of many countries' assets and thus undermined the US-led World Bank's "legal" interests, and some countries such as Iraq publicly challenged the US, Washington assumed that large-scale loans for infrastructure construction to developing countries were benefiting its opponents. So in the intervening years, the World Bank changed its aim to "alleviating poverty". And this policy pushed the new economies with great development potential to the low end of the industrial chain.

Under such conditions, many developing countries, including China, which had just implemented reform and opening-up, got huge amounts of loans from the World Bank to fight poverty. But given the World Bank's new-found aim, the developing countries could hardly get any loan for the improvement of infrastructure or develop high-end industries. They even had to accept political conditions in exchange for World Bank loans.

There is no denying that developing countries got loans from the World Bank, and that its favorable soft loan programs have played an important role in reducing poverty across the world. Since China regained its World Bank membership in 1980, it has largely used such loans for poverty alleviation, and repaid them on time. China's success and some other countries' default on repayment owing to external factors and/or poor governance are proof of the World Bank's aim and investment orientation. The "high standards" of the World Bank have changed according to the US' political will.

In terms of its management structure, the Washington-headquartered World Bank comprises 25 executive directors and 188 members. Member states' right to vote is closely related to the membership fee they pay. Even after the 2010 voting power reform, the US has 15.85 percent of the votes. Given that all significant decisions can be taken only with 85 percent of the votes, the US can manipulate all vital World Bank decisions and veto any reform that it believes could undermine its dominant position. No wonder, the World Bank president has always been an American national. Thus the World Bank's "high standards" helps the US impose its political will on other members.

If the existing global financial system cannot meet the development needs of the Asian economies, we have to create one that will do so. The AIIB focuses on the fields that the US-led global financial system doesn't want to get involved in. Indeed, the AIIB has to abide by high standard for its success, but the "high standards" the US refers to are ones that will help maintain American interests.

The author is a researcher in American studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

Hot Topics

Editor's Picks
...
主站蜘蛛池模板: 国内精品免费一区二区三区 | 国内精品免费一区二区三区 | 午夜精品视频在线观看 | 欧美日韩亚洲国产 | 国产精品一区二区久久 | 国产精品污污视频 | 欧美一级h | 欧美不卡| 久久国产成人 | 婷婷免费视频 | 麻豆一区二区99久久久久 | 欧美精品在线观看 | 亚州老熟女A片AV色欲小说 | 免费视频不卡一区二区三区 | 亚洲在线视频网站 | 欧美日韩在线一区二区三区 | 一级特黄aa大片欧美 | 国产精品片一区二区三区 | 欧美成人全部费免网站 | 亚洲一区二区三区影院 | 亚洲国产精品一区二区三区久久 | 黄色视频a级毛片 | 国产成人自拍视频在线观看 | 一区在线播放 | 妞干在线| 午夜午夜精品一区二区三区文 | 欧美激情刺激爽免费视频观看 | 亚洲人成亚洲人成在线观看 | 天天天天天天操 | 亚洲视频免费在线 | 欧美日韩在线视频一区 | 国产欧美精品午夜在线播放 | 波多野吉衣 免费一区 | hd性videos意大利复古 | 久久久国产一级片 | 九九热视频免费 | 国产成人av在线 | 色播在线视频 | 国产精品嫩草影视在线观看 | 成人免费大片a毛片 | 日韩一区二区不卡 |