According to a team of Dutch scientists, walking backward helps people think more clearly. 荷蘭科學(xué)家的研究小組表明，向后走路有助于人們更清醒的思考。
The study, published in the Psychological Science, tested the ability of 38 men and women to quickly name the colors in which different words were displayed. 這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)表在《心理科學(xué)》上。研究者給38名男性和女性受試呈現(xiàn)不同的單詞，并讓他們快速說出單詞的顏色。
During the tests, participants were told to step four paces to the left, right, backward or forward. In a subset of the trickier trials (ones where the words didn't relate in any way to the colors they were displayed in) performance was quickest when the subjects stepped four paces backward. 在測(cè)試過程中，受試者還被要求向前、或向后、或向左、或向右走4步。一部分測(cè)試中給受試者呈現(xiàn)的單詞與顏色是無(wú)關(guān)的，在這樣的測(cè)試中，向后走四步時(shí)的反應(yīng)最快。
"Backward locomotion appears to be a very powerful trigger to mobilize cognitive resources," conclude the authors, of Radboud University Nijmegen. "Thus, whenever you encounter a difficult situation, stepping backward may boost your capability to deal with it effectively." “向后運(yùn)動(dòng)似乎可以非常有效地觸發(fā)認(rèn)知資源的分配，”來(lái)自Radboud University Nijmegen的作者總結(jié)道。“因此，當(dāng)你遇到困難時(shí)，倒著走可以有效的提升你解決問題的能力。”
In case you were wondering why the researchers conducted such a seemingly nutty experiment to begin with: It's part of a larger field of study of the way body movements alter people's thinking/emotions. 也許你想知道研究者為什么會(huì)進(jìn)行如此瘋狂的實(shí)驗(yàn)：它其實(shí)是一個(gè)更大的研究人身體運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)思維和情緒影響的研究項(xiàng)目的一小部分。
Flexing or extending the arms, for example (the motions involved in either pulling or pushing) can make someone more apt to like or dislike something, respectively, researchers have reported. 比如，研究者已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，彎曲或伸展手臂（涉及推或拉的運(yùn)動(dòng)）會(huì)分別使人更傾向于喜歡或不喜歡的某一個(gè)東西。
Pushing and backing away are both avoidance actions--such actions are "usually performed in the context of aversive or problematic conditions that require enhanced control in order to focus on relevant information and to ward off negative consequences," the authors say. 推動(dòng)和后退都是回避行為——這種行為“通常是在厭惡或出現(xiàn)問題時(shí)完成，這時(shí)需要加強(qiáng)控制，以便把注意集中在相關(guān)信息上并可以抵御消極后果，”作者說。
（英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津Jennifer編輯）
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