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Daniel Peart stands next to a 'for sale' sign in front of his home in Poway, Calif., in this March 22, 2007
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Used to describe a risky loan, 'subprime' has been chosen as the Word of the Year 2007 by American Dialect Society at its annual convention Friday.
"`Subprime' has been around with bankers for awhile, but now everyone is talking about `subprime,'" said Wayne Glowka, a spokesman for the group."It's affecting all kinds of people in all kinds of places."
About 80 members of the organization spent two days debating the merits of runners-up "Facebook," "green," "Googleganger" and "waterboarding" before voting for an adjective that means "a risky or less than ideal loan, mortgage or investment."
The choice signifies the public's concern for a "deepening mortgage crisis," the society said in a statement.
"Facebook," as a noun, verb or adjective, was popular with younger linguists, Glowka said.
Several people lobbied for "green," which "designates environmental concern," but the term has been around for years, he said. The word topped the 2007 "Most Useful" category, one of numerous subgroups the society choses.
The group also decided that although "waterboarding," an interrogation technique that simulates drowning, gained a lot of attention during recent attorney general confirmation hearings, it was a bigger deal in 2004, Glowka said.
But what's a "Googleganger?"
A play on "doppelganger," the word is "a person with your name who shows up when you Google yourself," according to the society. It was named as the "Most Creative" word.
As for "subprime," Glowka said it is an odd word — at least as far as linguists are concerned.
The prefix "sub" translates roughly to "below the standard," while "prime" means something close to "the best."
So, according to Glowka, the word really means "far below the best."
In 2006, the organization chose "plutoed," which means "to be demoted or devalued."
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(Agencies)
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在上周五召開的美國(guó)方言學(xué)會(huì)年度大會(huì)上，用于形容高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)貸款的“次級(jí)（subprime）”一詞被評(píng)為2007年度詞匯。
該組織的發(fā)言人韋恩?格洛卡說：“‘次級(jí)（貸款）’曾是銀行業(yè)術(shù)語，而如今每個(gè)人都在談?wù)撍Ｋ绊懼餍懈鳂I(yè)的人。”
此前，美國(guó)方言學(xué)會(huì)的約80名成員就評(píng)選年度詞匯進(jìn)行了為期兩天的討論。Facebook（美國(guó)在線社交網(wǎng)站）、green（綠色）、Googleganger（谷歌替身）和waterboarding（水刑）都在討論之列。最終，他們投票選定意味著“高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)貸款或投資”的形容詞“次級(jí)”為2007年度詞匯。
美國(guó)方言學(xué)會(huì)在一份聲明中說，“次級(jí)”當(dāng)選年度詞匯表明美國(guó)民眾對(duì)于“日益惡化的次貸危機(jī)”的擔(dān)憂。
格洛卡說，年輕的語言學(xué)家們更青睞Facebook一詞，F(xiàn)acebook既可用作名詞，也可用作形容詞和動(dòng)詞。
還有幾名評(píng)委傾向于“green（綠色）”一詞，但這個(gè)代表人們對(duì)環(huán)境關(guān)切的詞語已流行多年。除年度詞匯外，該語言組織還評(píng)選出了多項(xiàng)詞匯之最，green一詞當(dāng)選2007年“最有用的詞匯”。
該組織稱，盡管審訊手段“水刑”在最近召開的總檢察長(zhǎng)確認(rèn)聽證會(huì)上受到眾多關(guān)注，但程度還不及2004年。“水刑”是一種讓犯人感覺自己快被溺死的刑訊方式。
那么Googleganger指的是什么呢？
據(jù)介紹，“Googleganger（谷歌替身）”是根據(jù)（德語）doppelganger（面貌相似的人）一詞改造而來，指的是在Google上搜索自己時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)的與自己同名同姓的人。Googleganger被評(píng)為“最具創(chuàng)意詞匯”。
格洛卡說“subprime”這個(gè)詞有些怪——至少在語言學(xué)家們看來是這樣。
前綴“sub-”的大致含義為“不達(dá)標(biāo)”；而“prime”則表示“最好”。
所以，兩部分意思合在一起其實(shí)應(yīng)該是“遠(yuǎn)沒達(dá)到最好”。
去年的年度詞匯為plutoed，意為“被降級(jí)或貶值”。
（英語點(diǎn)津姍姍編輯）
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